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Why did the fall of Montreal end French rule in Canada?

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Painting of Edward Braddock and British troops in uniform advancing through dense forest, facing Native American and French fighters during the French and Indian War near Fort Duquesne. — French and Indian War British commander Edward Braddock and his troops preparing to march on the French-held Fort Duquesne (now Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) during the French and Indian War.

The fall of Montreal on September 8, 1760, marked the end of French rule in Canada because it represented the surrender of the final major stronghold of New France to British forces.12

Following the decisive British victory at the Battle of Quebec in 1759, the French military position had become increasingly untenable. The British Royal Navy had effectively blockaded the coast, preventing France from sending necessary reinforcements, munitions, or food supplies to its struggling colonies. By 1760, British forces under Sir Jeffrey Amherst were able to close in on Montreal from multiple directions, leaving the French governor-general, the marquis de Vaudreuil, with no viable military options.132

Faced with these hopeless odds, Vaudreuil was compelled to surrender not only the city of Montreal but all of Canada. This capitulation effectively concluded the North American phase of the Seven Years’ War, leading to the formal cession of the territory to Great Britain under the Treaty of Paris in 1763.1423