What were the estimated Chinese casualties during the Chosin Reservoir campaign?

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During the Battle of the Chosin Reservoir, the Chinese government has remained vague regarding their specific losses. However, based on their own records and United Nations Command (UNC) estimates, casualties for the Chinese Ninth Army Group are estimated to be in the range of 40,000 to 80,000 personnel.1

This figure accounts for combat deaths and wounded soldiers, as well as those who suffered death or incapacity due to the severe winter weather conditions experienced during the campaign. The intense cold, combined with starvation and the X Corps' firepower, ultimately rendered several Chinese divisions ineffective, forcing the Ninth Army Group to withdraw from the front until March 1951.1