What types of injuries did people suffer after the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings?

The injuries sustained by victims of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are categorized into three primary types:1

• Burns: These included flash burns caused by intense thermal radiation. Thermal radiation, which accounts for approximately 35 percent of an airburst's energy, is capable of causing severe skin burns and eye injuries. Burns were the leading cause of death, accounting for roughly 60 percent of fatalities in Hiroshima and 80 percent in Nagasaki.12
• Mechanical Injuries: These resulted from the blast effects, including injuries from falling buildings and flying debris, such as glass. These injuries caused 30 percent of deaths in Hiroshima and 14 percent in Nagasaki.1
• Radiation Injuries: Caused by gamma rays and neutrons emitted at the moment of the explosion, these injuries accounted for 10 percent of deaths in Hiroshima and 6 percent in Nagasaki. Survivors, known as hibakusha, later exhibited increased incidences of leukemia and other cancers. Additionally, children exposed in utero during the 8th to 15th weeks of gestation showed higher frequencies of intellectual disability and reduced head size.13