What economic problems in Germany helped create the conditions for the Beer Hall Putsch?

The economic instability that facilitated the Beer Hall Putsch in November 1923 was primarily driven by the hyperinflation of the German mark, which had its roots in the massive debt incurred during World War I.12

The situation reached a breaking point following the French and Belgian occupation of the Ruhr in January 1923, which was a response to Germany’s failure to meet reparations payments. To support workers engaged in passive resistance against the occupation, the German government printed vast amounts of money, causing the currency to collapse. By November 1923, the exchange rate reached 4.2 trillion marks to one American dollar.13425

This economic catastrophe devastated the middle class by wiping out lifetime savings and pensions, while also causing severe hardship for the working class. This widespread misery and the resulting breakdown of law and order fueled political radicalism, which Adolf Hitler exploited to gain support for his attempted coup against the Weimar Republic.1652