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How was the Indian army reorganized after the Indian Rebellion of 1857?

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Illustration of De Kantzow defending the treasury at Mainpuri during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, showing a British officer confronting armed sepoys inside a building as tensions rise during the uprising. — Indian Rebellion of 1857 Indian sepoys (soldiers) corner a British officer amid their attack on a treasury in Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh.

Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British colonial administration completely reorganized the Indian army to ensure tighter control and prevent future uprisings. Key changes included:

Troop Ratios: The ratio of British to Indian troops was adjusted from approximately 1:5 to 1:2. British and Indian battalions were integrated into brigades to ensure that no major military station remained without a British presence.1
Recruitment Policies: Recruitment shifted away from groups perceived as disloyal or "nonmartial," such as the Brahmins and Rajputs of Avadh. Instead, the army drew heavily from the northwest and favored groups deemed more reliable.123
Structural Integration: To prevent any single caste, religious, or linguistic group from dominating a garrison, soldiers were mixed within regiments.23
Weaponry and Professionalism: The Indian artillery was largely abolished, with the exception of a few mountain batteries, and Indian soldiers were restricted from handling sophisticated weaponry.123
Infrastructure: New military cantonments were constructed outside of "native" cities, featuring wide, straight roads designed to allow cavalry to maneuver quickly if needed.23