How did French military defeats in spring 1793 help the Jacobins take power?

In the spring of 1793, French military defeats and the resulting political crisis were instrumental in the rise of the Jacobins to power. As the First Coalition of European powers formed against France, the French army suffered significant losses, including the retreat from Belgium and the Rhineland, which left the country vulnerable to invasion.12

The crisis was exacerbated by the treason of General Charles Dumouriez, who defected to the Austrians after his defeat at Neerwinden. Because Dumouriez had been closely associated with the moderate Girondin faction, his betrayal severely discredited them.3456

Amidst these military reverses and worsening economic conditions, the Montagnards—the radical wing of the Jacobins—capitalized on the public's fear and the support of the Parisian sansculottes to demand extremist measures. This pressure culminated on June 2, 1793, when the Montagnards successfully purged the Girondin leaders from the National Convention, effectively seizing control of the government.316