Victor Wolfgang von Hagen

Contributor

BIOGRAPHY

Director, Roman Road Expeditions in Europe and North Africa, 1961–70. Director, Inca Highway Expedition to Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador, 1953–55. Author of Realm of the Incas and others; editor of The Incas.

Primary Contributions (2)

Articles

Map showing principal sites of Meso-American civilization, with the Mayan zone of influence shaded in green across southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and parts of Honduras and El Salvador. The map highlights major Mayan, Aztec, and other ancient sites, as well as the extent of the Aztec Empire in central Mexico, using color-coded symbols and labels for notable cities and archaeological locations.

Pre-Columbian civilizations

Pre-Columbian civilizations, the Indigenous American urban cultures that developed in Mesoamerica (part of Mexico and Central America) and the Andean region (western South America) prior to Spanish exploration and conquest in the 16th century. The pre-Columbian civilizations were extraordinary…

Inca religion