Why were D.H. Lawrence and Frieda Lawrence expelled from Cornwall in 1917?

During World War I, D.H. Lawrence and his wife, Frieda, were living in a cottage in Cornwall when they faced intense suspicion and hostility from their rural neighbors.1

This tension was driven by two primary factors: Lawrence’s vocal pacifism and Frieda’s German origins. Amidst the wartime climate, these suspicions escalated to the point that the couple was expelled from the county in 1917 on the unfounded accusation that they were signaling to German submarines. Following their expulsion, they spent the remainder of the war living in London and Derbyshire.1