Why was Richard III named lord protector for Edward V?

Richard, Duke of Gloucester (later Richard III), was named lord protector for the 12-year-old Edward V because he was designated to that role in the will of the late king, Edward IV.12

Following Edward IV's unexpected death on April 9, 1483, Richard initially swore allegiance to his nephew. However, the royal council, which was dominated by the family of the dowager queen, Elizabeth Woodville, sought to crown Edward V immediately. This move was intended to render a protectorate unnecessary, thereby allowing the Woodville party to maintain their influence and rule on the young king's behalf.1

In response, Richard—supported by allies such as Lord Hastings—intervened to secure his position. After seizing control of the young king and dismissing his household, Richard was formally recognized by the royal council as lord protector, effectively becoming the head of government.1