Why was Louis-Philippe called the Citizen King?

Louis-Philippe was known as the "Citizen King" because his reign, known as the July Monarchy, was established following the July Revolution of 1830, which represented a victory for the upper bourgeoisie over the traditional aristocracy.12

His title, "king of the French" rather than "king of France," signaled a departure from the absolute authority of his predecessors and emphasized a more national, constitutional role. By steering a middle course between extreme right-wing monarchists and various republican and socialist factions, Louis-Philippe sought to position himself as a representative of middle-class interests and a defender of the new order. This approach was intended to ground the monarchy in a broader social base, reflecting the values of the era's liberal reforms rather than the divine right of kings.23