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Why was Hugo Grotius sentenced to life imprisonment at Loevestein Castle?

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Oil portrait of Hugo de Groot, also known as Hugo Grotius, by the workshop of Michiel Janszoon van Mierevelt, showing him with a ruffled white collar and dark clothing. — Hugo Grotius Portrait of Hugo de Groot (Hugo Grotius), oil on panel by the workshop of Michiel Janszoon van Mierevelt, 1631; in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

Hugo Grotius was sentenced to life imprisonment at Loevestein Castle due to his involvement in a bitter political and religious struggle within the Dutch Republic during the early 17th century.1

As a prominent member of the Remonstrants—a group of upper-class "regents" who favored the tolerant Protestantism of Jacobus Arminius—Grotius aligned himself with the statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt. They opposed the Gomarists, who were orthodox Calvinists supported by Prince Maurice.12

The conflict intensified when the Remonstrants attempted to establish provincial armies in Holland and Utrecht to maintain local authority. In 1618, Prince Maurice utilized his military power to execute a coup d’état, leading to the arrest of the Remonstrant leadership. Grotius and Oldenbarnevelt were subsequently tried for treason by a special court instituted by the States General. While Oldenbarnevelt was executed, Grotius received a life sentence.21