Why did William of Ockham reject the idea that God used preconceived models when creating the universe?

William of Ockham rejected the idea that God used preconceived models when creating the universe because he believed such a concept was incompatible with the absolute freedom and omnipotence of God.12

While other philosophers, such as Duns Scotus, maintained that God utilized divine ideas as positive models for creation, Ockham argued that God fashions the universe exactly as He wishes, without being constrained by any external or preconceived patterns. By emphasizing this divine freedom, Ockham concluded that there are no shared natures or essences among creatures; instead, only individual things exist. This perspective was central to his broader philosophical approach, which sought to defend the contingency of the created world against the necessitarianism found in Greco-Islamic philosophy.12