Why did Thucydides’ reputation grow after his death?

Thucydides’ reputation did not grow immediately after his death; in fact, he was largely unreferenced in surviving 4th-century literature, and even Aristotle diverged from his account of the 411 revolution in Athens. His initial recognition came primarily through the "silent tribute" of three historians who continued his work from where he left off, choosing not to revise his existing text.12

His status as a preeminent historian was established gradually over time:

• Late 4th Century BCE: The philosopher Theophrastus formally recognized him alongside Herodotus as a founder of historical writing.1
• Hellenistic Period: Copies of his work were produced in significant numbers in Egypt, indicating a growing readership.1
• 1st Century BCE: By this time, writers such as Cicero identified him as a great historian, cementing a reputation that has remained secure since.1

Thucydides wrote not for immediate applause but for "posterity," aiming to provide a scientific, diagnostic analysis of human nature that would remain useful to future generations.34