Why did Pompey become sole consul in 52 BCE?

In 52 BCE, Pompey was appointed sole consul to restore order to Rome following a period of intense political anarchy and violence.12

The situation in the city had become increasingly volatile due to the following factors:

• Street Violence: Rival political factions, particularly those led by Publius Clodius Pulcher and Titus Annius Milo, engaged in constant street fighting that prevented the holding of regular elections.13
• Death of Clodius: In January 52 BCE, Clodius was killed by the armed followers of Milo. This event caused the factions to erupt into even greater violence, culminating in the burning of the Senate house by a mob.1
• Lack of Leadership: With no senior magistrates in office to manage the crisis, the Senate was forced to turn to Pompey to restore stability.1

While some had previously suggested a dictatorship for Pompey, the Roman nobles considered it safer to appoint him as sole consul. This move allowed the Senate to secure his protection and restore order while avoiding the more controversial title of dictator.12