Why did Philo Judaeus criticize overly literal readings of the Bible?

Philo Judaeus criticized overly literal readings of the Bible primarily because they led to theological difficulties, most notably the use of anthropomorphisms—the practice of describing God in terms of human characteristics.1

By employing Platonic and Stoic categories, Philo sought to reconcile Jewish scripture with Greek philosophical thought through allegorical interpretation. He believed that such an approach allowed for a deeper understanding of divine truths that transcended the "plain meaning" of the text.12

However, it is important to note that Philo maintained a balanced perspective. While he rejected the pitfalls of extreme literalism, he was also critical of those who took allegorization to such an excess that they dismissed the necessity of observing traditional ceremonial laws. He viewed himself as an observant Jew and emphasized that one should not neglect the divinely ordained customs of his faith.1