Why did Pantagruel become popular despite being condemned by the Sorbonne?

Pantagruel achieved popular success despite being condemned by the Sorbonne as obscene because it offered a level of quality and innovation previously unseen in French literature of that genre.1

The novel captivated readers through several key elements:

• Literary Innovation: Rabelais demonstrated a masterful command of language, utilizing monologue, dialogue, and comic situations to create a unique world of fantasy.1
• Engaging Storytelling: It functioned as a mock-heroic, chivalrous romance that appealed to both courtly and learned audiences.21
• Satirical Wit: The work effectively mocked various forms of sophistry, such as legal obscurantism, while introducing the cunning and witty character Panurge, who became a memorable figure in the narrative.1

While the Sorbonne’s condemnation highlighted the controversial nature of the work’s religious satire and humor, these same qualities—combined with Rabelais's exuberant vocabulary and creative storytelling—ensured its enduring popularity among contemporary readers. Throughout his career, Rabelais was also able to rely on the protection of powerful political and ecclesiastical figures to navigate such institutional opposition.213