Why did Justinian I make peace with Persia in 532?

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Mosaic detail of Emperor Justinian I with a jeweled crown and halo, wearing ornate robes, from the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy. — Justinian I Justinian I, detail of a mosaic in the Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy.

Justinian I negotiated the "Endless Peace" with the Persian king Khosrow I in 532 primarily to secure his eastern frontier and free up his military resources for campaigns elsewhere.1

By abandoning active military operations in the East in exchange for paying significant tribute, Justinian successfully achieved the first objective necessary for his broader goal of reconquering territories in the West. This diplomatic move allowed him to shift his focus and military strength toward reasserting Byzantine authority in regions such as North Africa and Italy.1