Why did John von Neumann leave his academic positions in Germany in 1933?

John von Neumann relinquished his academic positions in Germany in 1933 due to the rise of the Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler.1

The Nazi government’s ascent to power created an environment hostile to intellectual freedom, characterized by the systematic removal of Jewish scholars and the suppression of scientific theories deemed "Jewish," such as the theory of relativity. Recognizing the catastrophic impact this political climate would have on the academic community, von Neumann famously remarked that if the regime continued, it would ruin German science for at least a generation.21

By 1933, von Neumann had secured a position at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, allowing him to leave his German posts behind as the political situation in Europe deteriorated.1