Why did Ivan Pavlov resign from the Imperial Medical Academy in 1924?

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In 1924, Ivan Pavlov resigned his chair of physiology at the Military Medical Academy in Leningrad (formerly the Imperial Medical Academy) as an act of protest against the discriminatory treatment of students. The academy had expelled students specifically because they were the sons of priests.

Standing against this injustice, Pavlov, who was himself the son of a priest, declared to the authorities: "I also am the son of a priest, and if you expel the others I will go too!"1