Why did Friedrich Nietzsche argue that knowledge always comes from a perspective?

Friedrich Nietzsche argued that knowledge is always perspectival because he believed that "knowledge from no point of view" is an incoherent concept, much like the idea of seeing an object from no particular vantage point.1

His theory of perspectivism holds that there are no "immaculate perceptions" or all-inclusive perspectives that could reveal reality exactly as it is in itself. Instead, Nietzsche posited that human knowledge is always situated and partial. He suggested that what philosophers have traditionally claimed as objective "truth" is often a reflection of specific biological functions, human needs, or rhetorical approximations mediated by language.12

Rather than viewing this as a simple form of relativism, Nietzsche used perspectivism to challenge the pretensions of traditional philosophy and religion, which he believed denigrated human experience in favor of a "true" world that does not exist. By emphasizing that truth is a product of human relations and interpretations, he sought to move toward a more robust and affirmative understanding of life and values.12