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Why did Edmund Spenser add a longer ninth line to the Spenserian stanza?
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Edmund Spenser
Edmund Spenser, oil painting by an unknown artist; in the collection of Pembroke College, Cambridge, England.
Edmund Spenser invented the Spenserian stanza for his epic poem The Faerie Queene to create a specific structural effect. While the first eight lines of the stanza consist of iambic pentameter that establishes a sense of formal unity, the ninth lineāan alexandrine consisting of six iambic feetāserves to complete and resolve the thought of the stanza.1
By adding this longer final line, Spenser provided a sense of closure and rhythmic finality that distinguishes his innovation from earlier forms like the ottava rima or the eight-line stanzas found in Chaucerās work.12