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Who performed the gold-foil experiment with Ernest Rutherford?
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The famous gold-foil experiment, which led to the development of the Rutherford model of the atom, was performed in 1909 by the undergraduate student Ernest Marsden under the direction of Ernest Rutherford and the German physicist Hans Geiger.12
Rutherford had suggested that Marsden investigate large-angle scattering as a research project. The resulting observationsâspecifically that some alpha particles were deflected at large angles or bounced back toward the sourceâprovided the experimental evidence that allowed Rutherford to conclude that the atom consists of a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space.12