Which three relationships did Martin Buber believe were harmed by alienation?

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Martin Buber believed that the modern age of alienation had severely shaken three vital human relationships. He argued that these relationships could only be restored through a genuine encounter with the other person or being who stands over against us.

The three relationships are:

  • Man and God
  • Man and man
  • Man and nature

Buber maintained that these connections must be addressed on all three levels—the divine, the human, and the natural—to overcome the malaise of the modern era.1