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Which practices did William Laud require in Church of England services?

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As Archbishop of Canterbury, William Laud sought to enforce strict uniformity and order within the Church of England by mandating specific liturgical practices in accordance with the Book of Common Prayer.1

To achieve this, he required the following practices:

  • Communion Table Placement: The communion table was to be moved to the east end of the chancel and railed off from the congregation.1
  • Ceremonial Observances: Clergy and congregants were required to perform specific ceremonies, such as bowing at the mention of the name of Jesus.1
  • Vestments: The wearing of surplices by the clergy was strictly enforced.1
  • Church Maintenance: Laud mandated that churches, ranging from cathedrals to village chapels, be repaired, beautified, and consecrated.1

Additionally, Laud worked to curtail the influence of Puritanism by limiting and controlling preaching, which he viewed as a source of religious division, and by suppressing Puritan-led organizations like the "feoffees for impropriations".1