Which equipment did Guglielmo Marconi use in his early wireless experiments?

In his early wireless experiments, Guglielmo Marconi utilized several key pieces of equipment to transmit and receive signals. His initial setup, developed around 1894, included:

• Induction coil: Used to increase voltage for the transmission of signals.1
• Spark discharger: Controlled by a Morse key at the sending end to create sparks.21
• Coherer: A device invented by Edouard Branly that served as the receiver. It consisted of a tube filled with iron filings that would "cohere" when exposed to radio-frequency voltage, allowing current to trigger a relay.21
• Aerials: Marconi improved his range by using elevated wires, often incorporating metal plates or cylinders at the top of poles. He later experimented with using balloons and kites to achieve greater heights for these antennas.21
• Reflectors: He also conducted experiments using reflectors around the aerial to concentrate radiated electrical energy into a beam.1

To maintain the coherer's functionality, it required regular tapping to separate the iron filings between signals.2