Which countries did Montesquieu visit during his travels in Europe?

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Starting in April 1728, the French political philosopher Montesquieu embarked on an extensive tour of Europe to complete his education. During his travels, he visited the following countries and regions:

  • Austria: He traveled to Vienna, where he met Prince Eugene of Savoy.1
  • Hungary: He made a detour to examine the country's mines.1
  • Italy: He visited several cities, including Venice, Florence, Rome, and Naples.1
  • Germany: He passed through the region after leaving Italy.1
  • The Netherlands: He traveled through the area on his way to England.1
  • England: He arrived in late 1729 and remained there until the spring of 1731, a period he considered one of the most formative of his life.1

These travels significantly influenced his later work, particularly his observations on climate, government, and the British constitution.12