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Which church doctrine did St. Anselm of Canterbury defend at the Council of Bari in 1098?
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St. Anselm of Canterbury
St. Anselm of Canterbury (center), terra-cotta altarpiece by Luca della Robbia; in the Museo Diocesano, Empoli, Italy.
At the Council of Bari in 1098, St. Anselm of Canterbury defended the doctrine of the Filioque ("and from the Son") clause in the Nicene Creed.1
This clause, which indicates that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son, was a point of significant theological contention between the Western and Greek churches. While the Western church had incorporated the Filioque into its version of the creed, the Greek church rejected it as a later, unilateral addition that altered the original understanding of the Trinity, in which the Father alone is the origin of both the Son and the Holy Spirit.12