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Which castles and estates helped build Richard III’s power in northern England?

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Richard III built his power base in northern England primarily through the acquisition of the Neville family estates following his marriage to Anne Neville. These lands were centered on:

Middleham in Richmondshire (North Yorkshire)1
Barnard Castle in the county palatine of Durham1
Penrith in Cumbria1

To further consolidate his authority and assert dominance over other northern peers, Richard single-mindedly expanded his holdings by acquiring additional castles, including:

Helmsley1
Richmond1
Scarborough1
Skipton1

These estates, combined with his role as warden for the defense of the western marches toward Scotland and his later appointment as the king’s lieutenant in the north, established the hegemony that served as his power base when he became king.1