Britannica Sources used in this answer

Which Latin names did contemporaries use for Louis I?

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Illuminated manuscript portrait of Louis the Pious as a Christian Roman emperor, holding a staff and shield, with Latin text arranged around and over the figure. — Louis I Louis the Pious as a Christian Roman Emperor, portrait from *De laudibus sanctae crucis* by Rabanus Maurus.

Contemporaries of Louis I, the Holy Roman emperor, knew him by the Latin names Hludovicus or Chlodovicus. These names were chosen to echo the name of Clovis, the founder of the Merovingian dynasty.1