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When were Isaac Newton’s laws of motion first published?
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Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton, oil on canvas by Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1702; in the National Portrait Gallery, London. Newton's discoveries in physics and mathematics revolutionized science.
Isaac Newton’s laws of motion were first published in 1687 in his seminal work, Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, commonly referred to as the Principia.123
These three laws, which form the foundation of classical mechanics, were developed by Newton to explain the orbital dynamics of planets. While Newton had previously written a short tract titled De Motu ("On Motion"), that document did not contain the laws of motion; they were incorporated as he expanded his work into the Principia.245