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When was China’s unification under the Ming dynasty completed?
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Hongwu
The Hongwu emperor; in the National Palace Museum, Taipei.
China’s unification under the Ming dynasty was completed by 1382.1
Following the proclamation of the dynasty in 1368 by the Hongwu emperor, Ming forces systematically expanded their control across the country. While the Yuan capital of Beijing fell in 1368, the process of subduing the remaining regions—including the northwest and the southwest provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan—continued over the following years. By 1382, the military campaigns had successfully eliminated major resistance, effectively unifying China proper under Ming authority.12