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When did the Ottoman siege of Vienna take place?
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Leopold I
Leopold I, detail of a portrait bust, c. 1700; in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.
The Ottoman siege of Vienna took place from July 17 to September 12, 1683. During this expedition, Ottoman forces led by the grand vizier Kara Mustafa attacked the capital of the Holy Roman emperor Leopold I, who fled the city to await the outcome at Passau. The siege was ultimately lifted following the arrival of a relief army commanded by John III Sobieski of Poland.123