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When did Frederick I Barbarossa rule as German king and Holy Roman emperor?

Created from Britannica articles using AI. AI can make mistakes, so verify using Britannica articles.
Medieval manuscript miniature showing Frederick I as a crowned crusader holding an orb and scepter, with Henry of Schaftlarn kneeling and presenting a book to him.
Frederick I Frederick I as a Crusader with (right) Henry of Schäftlarn dedicating to him a copy of the History of the First Crusade by Robert of St. Remy; miniature from a manuscript in the Vatican Library.

Frederick I, also known as Frederick Barbarossa, served as the German king and Holy Roman emperor during the following periods:

  • German King: 1152–119012
  • Holy Roman Emperor: 1155–119032

He was elected as king in 1152 and was subsequently crowned as emperor in 1155, holding both titles until his death in 1190.132