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What was the Nanshufang study hall in the Forbidden City?
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The Nanshufang was a small study hall established in 1677 by the Kangxi emperor within the Forbidden City.1
It served as a scholarly venue where the emperor engaged in intellectual discourse on historical and philosophical topics with the leading scholars of his time. By fostering these discussions and demonstrating a personal commitment to the philosophy of Zhu Xi and Confucianist ideals, the Manchu Qing dynasty effectively worked to gain the confidence and support of the Chinese majority.1