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What parts of Heinrich Schliemannâs autobiography have later scholars questioned?
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Heinrich Schliemann
Heinrich Schliemann, detail of an engraving by A. Weger, after a photograph.
Scholarship in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has revealed that Heinrich Schliemannâs reputation was built in part on significant self-mythologizing, leading modern scholars to question the accuracy of various autobiographical accounts he provided throughout his life.1
Specific aspects of his narrative that have been scrutinized include:
- Early Inspirations: Schliemann claimed that a childhood memory of a picture of Troy in flames sustained his lifelong belief in the historical foundations of the Homeric poems, and that he first heard Homer declaimed in the original Greek while working as a grocer's apprentice.1
- Professional Contributions: Schliemann often omitted the contributions of others to bolster his own image. For instance, he conveniently eliminated the name of the English archaeologist Frank Calvert from his early publications, despite evidence that Calvert was instrumental in identifying Hisarlik as the site of Troy and convincing Schliemann to excavate there.1
These instances of self-promotion, combined with his destructive excavation methods and questionable appropriation of findings, have led historians to view his personal accounts with skepticism.1