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What loyalty requirement did Sam Wood include in his will for most of his heirs?
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Sam Wood
(Foreground, from left to right) Groucho Marx, Margaret Dumont, Chico Marx, and Harpo Marx in A Night at the Opera (1935), directed by Sam Wood.
Sam Wood, a staunch anticommunist and a founder of the Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals, included a specific condition in his will regarding his estate. He mandated that most of his heirsâspecifically excluding his wifeâwere required to sign a loyalty oath to the United States before they could receive their inheritance.1