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What happened to Ptolemy XIII after Julius Caesar arrived in Egypt?
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Cleopatra
Cleopatra, carving from the temple of Horus at Idfū, Egypt.
After Julius Caesar arrived in Egypt and seized the palace quarter, he initially attempted to reconcile Ptolemy XIII with his sister, Cleopatra VII. However, tensions persisted, and the king's advisors and military forces continued to oppose the Roman presence.1
Following a period of conflict known as the Alexandrian War, Caesar eventually negotiated an exchange, releasing Ptolemy XIII in return for his sister Arsinoe. Upon his release, Ptolemy XIII took command of the Egyptian forces against Caesar. Ultimately, Caesar received reinforcements and outmaneuvered the Ptolemaic army; Ptolemy XIII was killed during the final stages of the conflict, likely by drowning while attempting to flee.12