What freedoms did John Dewey believe democracy should protect?

For the American philosopher John Dewey, democracy is the most desirable form of government because it provides the essential freedoms required for individual self-development and growth.1

Dewey argued that a democratic society should protect the following specific freedoms:

• Freedom to exchange ideas and opinions: This facilitates the critical inquiry and dialogue necessary for citizens to address common problems.1
• Freedom to form associations: This allows individuals to cooperate with others to pursue shared goals.1
• Freedom to determine and pursue one’s own conception of the good life: This supports the individual's ability to reach their fullest potential.1

Beyond these individual liberties, Dewey viewed democracy as a "mode of associated life" that functions through collective action and social intelligence. He believed that political institutions should remain subject to constant criticism and improvement to ensure they continue to serve the public interest. Furthermore, he advocated for a social democracy that includes the right of workers to participate directly in the control of their workplaces.21