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What features did Daniel Burnham recommend for Manila and Baguio in the Philippines?
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Daniel Burnham
Daniel H. Burnham.
When the United States acquired the Philippines following the Spanish-American War, the federal government commissioned Daniel Burnham to develop a beautification plan for Manila and to design a new summer capital in Baguio.1
For these cities, Burnham recommended several core features rooted in the City Beautiful movement:
- Preservation: In Manila, he specifically advised preserving the old walled Spanish city.1
- Park Systems: He proposed the integration of a comprehensive system of parks in both locations.1
- Roadway Networks: He designed a network of diagonal streets intended to improve traffic efficiency.1
- Civic Centers: He planned for a formal civic center complex in both cities, designed to serve as the heart of the community.1
These recommendations reflected Burnhamâs broader philosophy that an improved, ordered urban environment could provide a transformative experience for its inhabitants.1