What did Germany promise by signing the Kellogg-Briand Pact in 1928?

By signing the Kellogg-Briand Pact in 1928, Germany, along with nearly all other nations of the world, promised to renounce war as an instrument of national policy and to settle all international disputes by peaceful means.123

This agreement was a significant symbolic gesture of postwar reconciliation during the era of foreign minister Gustav Stresemann. While the pact aimed to outlaw aggressive war, it remained largely ineffective because it did not establish enforcement mechanisms and allowed for various qualifications, such as the right to engage in wars of self-defense or to fulfill obligations arising from other international treaties.21