What did Ariel Sharon’s Gaza disengagement plan require Israel to do?

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Ariel Sharon’s 2005 disengagement plan required Israel to undertake a unilateral withdrawal from the Gaza Strip, which involved the following actions:

  • Removal of Presence: The plan mandated the complete evacuation of all Israeli security forces and settlements from the Gaza Strip.12
  • West Bank Evacuation: At the insistence of the United States, the plan was expanded to include the evacuation of four small Israeli settlements located in the West Bank.13
  • Infrastructure Dismantling: Following the evacuation of settlers, Israeli forces demolished residential buildings and dismantled military installations throughout the territory.1

The withdrawal was completed in September 2005. While Israel removed its internal presence, it retained control over Gaza’s borders, coastline, and airspace.132