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How did the Yongle emperor deal with the Urianghad Mongols?
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Yongle
The Yongle emperor, detail of a portrait; in the National Palace Museum, Taipei.
The Yongle emperor’s relationship with the Urianghad Mongols was defined by a strategic exchange of support for autonomy. Because the Urianghad tribes provided crucial assistance as a loyal rear guard during his 1402 insurrection to seize the throne, the emperor rewarded them by granting them virtual autonomy.12
To facilitate this, he withdrew Chinese command posts from their territory located beyond the Great Wall. Additionally, he maintained this relationship by regularly sending the Urianghad chiefs substantial gifts. Despite this generally amicable arrangement, the emperor occasionally led military campaigns against them later in his reign if specific groups became restless.12