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How did the Ten Thousand travel from Babylonia to the Black Sea?
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Xenophon
Xenophon, statue in front of the parliament building in Vienna.
The "Ten Thousand" were a group of Greek mercenary soldiers who fought for Cyrus the Younger in his failed attempt to seize the Persian throne from his brother, Artaxerxes II. Following Cyrus's death at the Battle of Cunaxa in 401 BCE, the mercenaries found themselves stranded in hostile territory near Babylon.123
Under the leadership of Xenophon, who had joined the expedition and was later elected as one of the generals, the soldiers successfully navigated a long and perilous retreat. Their journey took them from the region of Babylon through Mesopotamia, across Armenia, and through northern Anatolia before they finally reached the Euxine, or Black Sea. This famous trek is documented in Xenophon's prose narrative, the Anabasis.132