How did the Ottoman army try to break through Vienna’s defenses during the siege?

During the 1683 siege of Vienna under the reign of Leopold I, the Ottoman Empire forces successfully captured the city's outer fortifications. To breach the inner walls, the Ottoman troops employed tunneling tactics.1

While the 1683 siege is the one associated with Leopold I, historical records of the 1529 siege also highlight the use of mining as a primary method for attempting to break through the city's defenses. In that earlier attempt, Ottoman forces detonated mines under the walls, though the resulting collapse often created obstacles that hindered their own advance. Additionally, the Ottomans historically utilized their expertise in gunpowder and artillery to overcome formidable fortresses, though their effectiveness in these specific sieges was often challenged by environmental conditions, defensive counterattacks, and the resilience of the city's fortifications.23