How did the IAS computer differ from ENIAC in its use of binary arithmetic?

The primary difference between the IAS computer and ENIAC regarding arithmetic is that the IAS machine utilized binary arithmetic, whereas ENIAC relied on decimal numbers.1

While ENIAC was a powerful, all-electronic calculating device, its design was based on the decimal system. In contrast, the IAS machine—which began operating in 1951—adopted the binary system, where data is represented by two states, 0 and 1. This shift to binary arithmetic, combined with the use of a shared memory for both code and data, was a foundational development that facilitated the implementation of conditional loops and established the architecture for modern von Neumann machines.1234