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How did the French and Swedish armies pressure Bavaria in 1646?
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Henri de La Tour dâAuvergne, vicomte de Turenne
Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne, engraving by Robert Nanteuil, 1665; in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
In 1646, the French army under Henri de La Tour dâAuvergne, vicomte de Turenne, successfully executed a plan to join forces with the Swedish army commanded by Field Marshal Carl Gustav Wrangel.
After crossing the Rhine at Wesel and meeting the Swedish forces, the two commanders bypassed the Austro-Bavarian troops stationed on the Main River. They then marched directly toward the Danube, posing a significant threat to the cities of Augsburg and Munich. This strategic pressure compelled the elector Maximilian I of Bavaria to enter into negotiations with the French, ultimately leading him to abandon his alliance with the Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand III through the Treaty of Ulm in March 1647.1