How did small wax models help Tintoretto plan paintings?

Tintoretto utilized small wax models as a practical tool to resolve complex challenges regarding form and light in his compositions. He would pose these models in various ways and illuminate them artificially, effectively treating them like tiny stage sets.1

By experimenting with these models, the artist was able to study how light interacted with figures and objects, which helped him achieve the dramatic, visionary quality and fanciful perspectives characteristic of his work. This method allowed him to plan his paintings with a high degree of narrative fluency and spatial precision, supporting his ability to execute large-scale, complex scenes with a brisk brushstroke.21