How did later working-class movements view Maximilien Robespierre’s legacy?

Following the emergence of working-class movements in the 19th century, both in France and abroad, the historical perception of Maximilien Robespierre underwent a significant shift. While his memory had been relentlessly attacked following his death—often portraying him as either a bloodthirsty figure or a timid bourgeois—these later movements began to pay homage to him as a "persecuted patriot."1

This renewed interest saw the reprinting of his most famous speeches, as his social ideals resonated with the goals of these movements. Robespierre’s vision, which sought to reduce extreme wealth inequality, increase the number of small property owners, and guarantee work and education for all, aligned with the aspirations of the working class. Consequently, he came to be viewed as a man of his times and a dedicated patriot whose influence remained considerable.1