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How did Vasco da Gama force the ruler of Kilwa to submit to Portugal?
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Vasco da Gama
Knight of the Order of Christ, detail identified as Vasco da Gama, Portuguese school, first half of the 16th century; in the National Museum of Ancient Art, Lisbon.
During his second voyage to India in 1502, Vasco da Gama forced the ruler of Kilwa, the amÄ«r IbrÄhÄ«m, to submit to Portugal by threatening to burn the city. The amÄ«r had previously been unfriendly toward the Portuguese explorer Pedro Ćlvares Cabral. Faced with da Gamaās ultimatum, the amÄ«r agreed to submit to the Portuguese and swore loyalty to King Manuel I.1