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How did Thomas Becket serve Henry II before becoming archbishop of Canterbury?
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Henry II
Henry II (left) disputing with Thomas Becket (center), miniature from a 14th-century manuscript; in the British Library (Cotton MS. Claudius D.ii).
Before becoming the archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Becket served King Henry II as his chancellor from 1155 to 1162. In this role, he acted as a trusted advisor and intimate friend to the king, aiding Henry in his efforts to consolidate power within the monarchy.12
Becket’s duties as chancellor were wide-ranging and demonstrated his administrative and military capabilities. His contributions included:
- Infrastructure and Defense: He was responsible for razing castles and overseeing repairs to the Tower of London.2
- Diplomacy and War: He conducted embassies on behalf of the king and raised and led troops during military campaigns.2
- Policy Implementation: He actively supported Henry’s attempts to reassert royal control over the church, even when those actions conflicted with ecclesiastical claims.2
Because of his intelligence and efficiency, Becket became a vital companion to the king, often joining him at court and during the chase. His service was so central to the king's administration that he was described by contemporaries as being to Henry what Joseph was to Pharaoh.2